NBER Digest OnLine
The following summaries of NBER Working Papers have appeared in the NBER Digest.
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July 2014 Issue

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Evasive Shareholder Meetings
Recent Trends in Intergenerational Mobility
Learning by Doing in Wind Power
Federal Reserve "Tapering" News and Emerging Markets
Crime Reduction from Cashless Welfare Payments
Does Successful Patenting Relax Financial Constraints?
June 2014 Issue Full issue available as PDF
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What Determines the "Reservation Wage" of Unemployed Workers?
Scale and Skill among Active Portfolio Managers
Long-Term Effects of a Student's High School Experience
Earnings Consequences of the Clean Air Act
In-Work Tax Credits and the Safety Net
How Durable are Social Norms?
May 2014 Issue Full issue available as PDF
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Unemployment Insurance and Disability Insurance in the Great Recession
Charter Schools, Test Outcomes, and Behavioral Change
CEO Behavior: Are Family CEOs Different?
Local Knowledge Matters for Real Estate Investors
Assortative Mating and Income Inequality
Medical Malpractice Laws and Health Care Quality
April 2014 Issue Full issue available as PDF
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Effective Tax Rates of Multinational Firms
Incentives, Selection, and Teacher Performance
Who Pays for Public Employee Health Care Costs?
Income Changes over the Business Cycle: Was the Great Recession Different?
Comparing Managerial Control and Performance Pay
Is Voting Habit-Forming?
March 2014 Issue Full issue available as PDF
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Recalls from Unemployment
The Effects of Expanded Medicaid Coverage
Pass-Through of Emissions Charges in Electricity Markets
Prizes and Productivity
Use-It-or-Lose-It Budget Rules
Birth Order and Student Performance
February 2014 Issue Full issue available as PDF
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New Evidence on the Effects of Credit Card Regulations
Retiree Health Insurance and Early Retirement in the Public Sector
Do Fixed Patent Terms Distort Innovation?
Price Sensitivity of College Application Decisions
How "Sticky" are Investments in Defined Contribution Pension Plans?
How Firms Prevent the Revelation of Bad News
January 2014 Issue Full issue available as PDF
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Capital Market Integration and Branch Banking
Measuring the Long-Term Impacts of Teachers
Point of Collection and the Pass-Through of Excise Taxes
Does Uncertainty Reduce Growth?
The Impact of Greater Transparency in Financial Markets
Can Higher Prices Increase Market Share? Average Wholesale Prices and Medicaid Drug Procurement
December 2013 Issue Full issue available as PDF
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Do Workers Work Harder During Economic Downturns?
Star Scientists Are Attracted by State Incentives for Innovation
What Explains Recent Changes in SNAP Enrollment?
How Did the Miller-Coors Merger Affect the U.S. Beer Industry?
How do Students Respond to Performance-Based Scholarships?
CEO Investment Cycles
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Employment Effects of International Trade
Longer, Healthier Lives
Stock Price Reactions to Index Inclusion
Immigrants and Local Labor Markets
Weather Forecasts, Expected Profitability, and Farmer Behavior
Intergenerational Transmission of Welfare Dependency
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Extended Unemployment Benefits and Unemployment Spells
The Employment Effects of Changes in Public Health Insurance
Finding New Ways to Encourage Educational Attainment
Employment Dynamics and Business Cycles
Changing Patterns in the Assimilation of Immigrants
Juvenile Incarceration and Later Criminal Activity
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Earners' Gender Identity and Relative Income within Households
Evidence from a Chinese Experiment on Working from Home
The Spillover Effects of Medicare Managed Care
How Pro-poor Growth Affects the Demand for Energy
Do Acquisitions Relieve Target Firms' Financial Constraints?
Hospital Mergers, Patient Demand, and the Price of Care
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Manufacturing Decline and the Rise of Non-Employment
Exporting and Plant-Level Efficiency Gains
Vehicle Scrappage and Gasoline Policy
Exposure to Interest Rate Risk and the Transmission of Monetary Policy
House Prices, Collateral, and Start-Up Businesses
Trade, Technology, and the Labor Market
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Poverty from the Great Society to the Great Recession
The Impacts of Public Transit on Traffic
Location Choices of Foreign-Born Ph.D.s
Limited Partner Performance and the Maturing of the Private Equity Industry
Real Estate Speculation and American History
Gasoline Taxation and Air Pollution
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The Impact of Universal Preschool on the Childcare Sector
Which News Moves Stock Prices?
Female Labor Supply in the United States
Health Information Technology and Patient Outcomes
Nominal Exchange Rates and Inflation Indexed Bond Yields
Reallocation and Technology
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Informed Trading and Expected Returns
Gasoline Prices, Fuel Economy, and the Energy Paradox
Labor Market Mobility in "Idea Space"
The Hidden Supply of High-Achieving, Low Income Students
Did the Community Reinvestment Act Lead to Risky Lending?
Disagreement and Asset Prices
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Do Women Avoid Salary Negotiations?
The Federal Reserve, Emerging Markets, and Capital Controls
Higher Education, Merit-Based Scholarships, and Post-Baccalaureate Migration
The Asset Price Meltdown and the Wealth of the Middle Class
Macroeconomic Performance during Commodity Price Booms and Busts
Property Rights Gaps and CDS
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Duration Dependence and Labor Market Conditions
Changes in Smoking and Obesity Affect Future Life Expectancy
Experimental Evidence from Energy Conservation Programs
Dynamic Aspects of Family Transfers
Emissions, Electric Cars, and Other Pollution-Control Policies
African Agricultural Decisions after Relaxing Credit and Risk Constraints
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Job Polarization and Jobless Recoveries
Pharmacy and the Evolution of a Family-Friendly Occupation
Environmental Regulation and the Competitiveness of U.S. Manufacturing
Endowment Shocks and Charitable Donations to Higher Education
Land and House Price Measurement in China
Recessions, Older Workers, and Longevity
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The U.S. Labor Market: Status Quo or a New Normal?
Dependent Coverage Eligibility and the Health Insurance Status of Young Adults
Public Procurement and the Private Supply of Green Buildings
Does Health Information Technology Reduce Costs?
"Cognitive Fatigue" and Task Performance
Parsing the Evidence of the Financial Crisis 2007-9
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The 2010 Affordable Care Act Dependent Coverage Mandate
Enhancing the Efficacy of Teacher Incentives
Letter Grading Government Efficiency
Mental Accounting and Gasoline Consumption
The Value of Bosses
Entrepreneurship and Urban Growth
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The Benefits of College Athletic Success
Job Applications to Distressed Firms
Competition and Ideological Diversity among Newspapers
Projection Bias in the Car and Housing Markets
A New Look at Second Liens
Moral Hazard and Claims Deterrence in Private Disability Insurance
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Plan Selection in Medicare Part D
Leveraging Behavioral Economics to Improve Educational Performance
The Life Cycle of Plants in India and Mexico
Who Benefits from Cheap Crude Oil in the Midwest?
Multinationals and the High Cash Holdings Puzzle
The End of Rent Control in Cambridge
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The Effect of Housing Wealth on College Choice
Protectionism Isn't Counter-Cyclic (Anymore)
The Impact of Immigration on the Educational Attainment of Natives
The Nature of Countercyclical Income Risk
The 2009 Federal Tobacco Excise Tax Increase and Youth Tobacco Use
Trade Credit and Taxes
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Sales Taxes and Internet Commerce
Learning by Doing: Evidence from an Automobile Assembly Plant
Debt Overhangs: Past and Present
Evidence on the Long-Run Effects of Mergers
The Challenge of Macro-Prudential Regulation
Comparing Real Wages
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Which Groups Suffer Most in the Labor Market During Recessions?
Education and Labor Market Effects of College-Prep Incentive Programs
Private Equity Performance
The Incentive Effects of Marginal Tax Rates
The Decision to Delay Social Security Benefits
Hiring Decisions for High-Value Employees: Evidence from March Madness Performance
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Explaining the Rise of Unemployment
Liquidity Constraints and Consumer Bankruptcy
Valuing the Vote
Does Linking Worker Pay to Firm Performance Help the Best Firms Do Even Better?
Time as a Trade Barrier
The Collapse of the Soviet Union and the Productivity of American Mathematicians
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Providing Retiree Health Insurance Encourages Early Retirement
Changing Inequality in College Entry and Completion
New Estimates of the Housing Wealth Effect
The Labor Market in China, 1989-2009
Measuring the Effects of the 1991 Federal Alcohol Tax Increase
Airports, Air Pollution, and Health
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Recessions and the Cost of Job Loss
For-Profit Postsecondary Schools
Fiduciary Duties and Equity-Debt-holder Conflicts
Family Proximity, Childcare, and Women's Labor Force Attachment
CEO Preferences and Acquisitions
Saving Rates in Developing Asia
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Leverage, Business Cycles, and Crises
What Makes a Charter School Effective?
White Collar Jobs and the Rise of Service Offshoring
The Effect of Religious and Ethnic Diversity on Charitable Giving
Optimal Expectations and Limited Medical Testing
Economic Conditions Have an Effect on CEOs
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The Impact of the Real Estate Market on Fertility
Corporate Acquisitions, Diversification, and the Firm's Lifecycle
What Do Boards Really Do?
Culture and Norms Affect Immigrant Women's Work
Payout Taxes and the Allocation of Investment
Copyright Protection and the Quality of Recorded Music Since Napster
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Private Equity and Employment
Exercise, Physical Activity, and Exertion over the Business Cycle
Who Makes Financial Decisions within Private Companies?
Race and Ethnicity in the College Classroom
Comparing the Investment Behavior of Public and Private Firms
The Political Economy of Deforestation in the Tropics